diff --git a/app/services/qualys_service.py b/app/services/qualys_service.py
index a635441..848baca 100644
--- a/app/services/qualys_service.py
+++ b/app/services/qualys_service.py
@@ -553,6 +553,13 @@ def refresh_all_agents(db):
 
 def _refresh_all_agents_impl(db):
     """Implémentation réelle du refresh (appelée sous verrou)"""
+    # Early exit si tous les assets ont moins de 5 min (pas besoin d'appeler Qualys)
+    total = db.execute(text("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM qualys_assets")).scalar() or 0
+    if total > 0:
+        stale = db.execute(text("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM qualys_assets WHERE updated_at < now() - interval '5 minutes'")).scalar() or 0
+        if stale == 0:
+            return {"ok": True, "msg": f"Tous les {total} assets sont récents (< 5 min), rien à faire", "skipped_all": True}
+
     qualys_url, qualys_user, qualys_pass, qualys_proxy = _get_qualys_creds(db)
     if not qualys_user:
         return {"ok": False, "msg": "Credentials Qualys non configurés"}